Multiverses come in many varieties. In this post, I won’t be talking about unrestricted multiverses, in which anything that can possibly happen, actually happens in some universe. Instead, I’ll be talking about the more modest claim that our universe is just one of a vast number of universes with varying physical constants and different laws of nature, and that there is something called a “multiverse-generator” which churns out baby universes. In an influential essay entitled, The Teleological Argument: An Exploration of the Fine-Tuning of the Universe (in The Blackwell Companion to Natural Theology, edited by William Lane Craig and J. P. Moreland, 2009, Blackwell Publishing Ltd.), Dr. Robin Collins argues that a “multiverse-generator” doesn’t eliminate the need for fine-tuning. The analogy he uses is that of a bread machine, which must have the right structure, programs, and ingredients (flour, water, yeast, and gluten) in order to produce decent loaves of bread. Similarly, the problem with a “multiverse-generator”, whether of the inflationary variety or some other type, is that the laws of the multiverse generator must be just right – i.e. fine-tuned – in order for it to (occasionally) produce universes whose constants and initial conditions permit the subsequent emergence of life. Thus invoking some sort of multiverse generator to explain the fine-tuning of our universe merely pushes the fine-tuning up one level: it doesn’t make it go away.
As Dr. Collins puts it (emphases below are mine):
Read More ›